The Game Master (3rd Edition)

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DATE: 02/25/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA Graphics for the IBM's Enhance Graphic Adapter (EGA) Version 02/25/86 for Microsoft C 3.00+ and Turbo Pascal 3.01A+ DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA IMPORTANT NOTICE The Enhanced Graphic Adapter (EGA) graphic routines for Microsoft 3.0 and Turbo Pascal 3.01A was written and is maintained by: Kent Cedola 2015 Meadow Lake Court Norfolk, Virginia 23518 1-(804)-857-0613 Users of this software are encouraged to copy and distribute the graphics library and demonstrations programs which are a part of this package for non-commericial purposes. No fee or other charges may be made in the distribution of these programs without the written permission from Kent Cedola. Any program written with this graphic library may be sold, as long as the source code for the graphic library in not included. If you wish to include the graphic library with the product, please contact me for more information and written permission. The date of release will be used in instead of a version. When requesting information, please included the date (version) of the copy that you have and the amount of EGA memory. Write the above for the current release of the graphic library. If you are satified with the EGA support for Turbo Pascal you are asked to send a donation of $20.00 dollars. All registered users will be informed of any major improvements and/or programs developments. FREE COPY OF TPEGA If you send a diskette with a SASE, I will send you the current copy of the library and programs for FREE! (360k or 1.2meg disk) DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA GENERAL This graphic software was written to provide the general public a means for writing graphic program for the EGA without any run- time fee! The software is also design to give the programmer the most flexibility, so most graphic routines can be changed or deleted (saving space) from the final product. If you have some application that required some special high-speed graphic routine, let me know and I'll see what I can do. But most routines that are not provided can be built around the standard graphic primitives. Graphic primitives (any routine with a prefix of GP) are low level graphic routine that are (mostly) supported over various graphic adapters (in the future). Those with the standard EGA (only 64k of memory) may have some problems with some of the graphic primitives as I have a 128k+ EGA. I highly recommend adding extra memory to your EGA if you plan to do alot of graphic programming. The future for EGA graphic library Release 1. Support Microsoft's mouse. APR86 2. Support for AT&T's ICB (digitizer). APR86 3. Support image processing routines APR86 4. Support virtual workspace & workareas APR86 5. Support 320x200x16 mode 6. Support high-speed sprite routines. 7. Support graphic segments to build objects. 8. Support 3D graphic and CAD routines. 9. Support for PC-EYE from Chorus Data Systems. 10. Support for AT&T's VDA. The APR86 release will be for C only! DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA Questions & Answers Q. Do you maintain the current version of your graphic library on a BBS? If so, which one. A. Yes, the PC-CONNECTION (804) 481-1824, will always contain the current version of ALL of my EGA software. But user validation is required (+money, 10 or 20 a year). The BBS contains two nodes and 60megs online. Any disk with SASE sent to me will be return with ALL my EGA software (FREE). Q. Where is the assembler source code? A. I am holding assembler source code to try to maintain an EGA graphic standard and to make it easier to change it without effecting others with 'old' assembler code. Very little of the code is for the EGA, most is just standard graphic code that could be used with any graphic adapter. I will release all source code sometime in the future. I don't know when. Q. Do you know that some of your comments do not match the code below it? (from Steve) A. Yes, the documentation manual will always contain the correct information. Don't worry about the headers. I'm mostly worried about the code working. Q. Will you re-code your routines for other graphic adapters to form a public domain standard for graphic primitives? A. Yes, I am currently re-coding for the AT&T's Image Capture Board (ICB) and adding image processing routines. Q. How about BASIC support? A. Buy Turbo Pascal or Microsoft C 3.0+. (C is better for writing large graphic programs). DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA SPECIAL NOTICE While trying to get as many graphic routines as possible in this release I had to cut corners on the GPSHADE, GPFILL and GPFLOOD graphic primitives. The GPFILL should be used for simple objects to be filled in and GPFLOOD for complex objects. Currently, GPFILL calls GPFLOOD to do the fill, this will change in the future as I will write a version of GPFILL that will execute two or three times faster than GPFLOOD (GPFILL = Simple objects only). GPSHADING has a restriction for dimensions of 1,2,4 or 8 or both width and height. Other dimensions can be used, but funny fills may happen (will be fixed later). The GPFLOOD routine is fast, and will fill in any area no matter how complex (more complex more stack space), but I will re-write it for higher speeds. Both the GPBOX and GPBALL primitives only do solid colors and not shades. Both use special EGA full byte fill modes and are fast. BPBOX and GPBALL do NOT set the clipping flag. (Later) These primitives do work, but they can be better. I will improve the flexibility and speed of these routines in the future. The following routines miss this release (are in the documentation) will be included in a future release. GPSCROLL GPPOLY DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA SPECIAL NOTICE TO C USERS So much code, so little time to write it! All of the Turbo Pascal routines have been converted to Microsoft C and mostly tested (see programs kc_pal.c, demo.c and popup.c). Please examine the source code! It does contain information that is not in the documentation (e.g., gotoxy, gprintf, gpmovgtm and gpmovgtm). The C release is not as clean as I would like because of the BIG improvements in the 01APR86 release (C only!). And I did not want to hold the graphic library until then because most graphic routines will not change. The the 01APR86 release will contain the concept of virtual workspaces (memory array) and real workareas (graphic display). I need it for Image Processing Software that I am coding in C, but will be very powerful to most other programmers. For example: 1. Automatic swapping of workspaces when not being used. (workspaces contain fonts, icons, parts of the screen) 2. Each pixel in a workspace may be 1,2,4,8 or 16 bits. (defined when workspace created). 3. Automatic clipping of images to/from display. 4. Automatic zooming/shrinking (if requested) when moving images (or letter and icons) to/from display. 5. Windowing of a workspace in a workarea? (MAYBE) DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA List of Graphic Functions Graphics Routines Description ---------------------------- --------------------------------- GPPARMS; Setup graphic adapter parameters GPINIT; Initialize graphic display GPTERM; Terminate graphic display GPCOLOR(b); Set current color GPMERGE(b); Set current merge mode GPSTYLE(array); Set pattern for drawing lines GPSHADE(array); Set pattern for shading areas GPRDCLR; Return the current color GPPAL(p,v); Set a palette register GPCPAL(p,v); Set a palette register using RGB GPLDPAL(array); Load all palette registers GPRDPAL(p); Read current palette setting GPPLOT(X,Y); Plot a point at X,Y (sets new CP) GPRDDOT(X,Y) Read pixel at coordinates (X,Y) GPMOVE(X,Y); Set current graphic position (CP) GPLINE(X,Y); Draw a line from (CP) to X,Y GPPOLY(array,N); Draw a N number of lines GPRECT(X,Y); Draw a rectangle between CP and (X,Y) GPCIR(R); Draw a circle at CP with R radius GPWTROW(Array,N); Write a row of pixels GPWTCOL(Array,N); Write a column of pixels GPRDROW(Array,N); Read a row of pixels GPRDCOL(Array,N); Read a column of pixels GPBOX(X,Y); Draws a solid box with color/shading GPBAL(R); Draws a solid circle with color/shading GPSCROLL(Dir,I,N); Scroll current viewport GPVIEWPORT(X1,Y1,X2,Y2); Set current viewport GPWINDOW(X1,Y1,X2,Y2); Set current window GPCLIP1(X,Y); Clip point in current window GPCLIP2(X1,Y1,X2,Y2); Clip line in current window GPSCALE(X,Y); Scale from world to device GPFILL(Border); Simple object fill, color/shading GPFLOOD(Border); Complex object fill, color/shading DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA List of Global Variables Global Variable Description ---------------------------- --------------------------------- GDTYPE: Integer; 3 = CG, 4 = Mono, 5 = Color GDOTHER: Internal Use Only GDMEMORY: Integer; Amount of memory, 64 -> 256 GDMAXCOL: Integer; Maximum column (639 for EGA) GDMAXROW: Integer; Maximum row (199/349 for EGA) GDMAXPAL: Integer; Maximum palettes (4/16 for EGA) GDMAXCLR: Integer; Maximum colors (63 for EGA) GDCOLOR: Integer; Current color for drawing GDMERGE: Internal Use Only GDSTYLE: Internal Use Only GDSHADE: Internal Use Only GDSHADE1: Internal Use Only GDASPC1: Integer; Aspect for circles (3 for EGA) GDASPC2: Integer; Aspect for circles (4 for EGA) GDCUR_X: Integer; Current X coordinate GDCUR_Y: Integer; Current Y coordinate GDGSEG: Internal Use Only GDGSADR: Internal Use Only GDWD_X1: Integer; Window coordinate (low) GDWD_X2: Integer; Window coordinate (high) GDWD_X3: Integer; Window coordinate (delta+1) GDWD_Y1: Integer; Window coordinate (low) GDWD_Y2: Integer; Window coordinate (high) GDWD_Y3: Integer; Window coordinate (delta+1) GDVW_X1: Integer; Viewport coordinate (low) GDVW_X2: Integer; Viewport coordinate (high) GDVW_X3: Integer; Viewport coordinate (delta+1) GDVW_Y1: Integer; Viewport coordinate (low) GDVW_Y2: Integer; Viewport coordinate (high) GDVW_Y3: Integer; Viewport coordinate (delta+1) GDC_FLG: Integer; Last plot clipping status GDS_FLG: Integer; Color/Shade or Color/Style flag GDW_FLG: Integer; Enable/Disable World coordinates GDCURX1: Integer; World current X coordinate GDCURY1: Integer; World current Y coordinate DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPPARMS -- Setup current graphic adapter parameters SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPPARMS; C: void GPPARMS(); DESCRIPTION: This procedure will initialize various global variables on the status of the current graphic adapter. If only needs to be executed once in the life of a program. RETURNS: GDTYPE = 0, no ega, monochrome adapter (text mode) { maybe } = 1, no ega, old color graphic adapter (CG) { maybe } = 2, EGA with old color graphic monitor (320x200x16) = 3, EGA with old color graphic monitor (640x200x16) = 4, EGA with monochrome monitor (640x350x4) = 5, EGA with new Enhanced Color Display (640x350x16) = 6, ? CAUTIONS: This procedure MUST be performed before any other primitive. ---- EXAMPLE: P: GPPARMS; { Determine the type of Adapter } if GDTYPE <> 4 and GDTYPE <> 5 then { 4 = mono, 5 = color } begin writeln('Must have IBM Enhanced Graphic Display!'); halt(1); end; C: GPPARMS(); if (GDTYPE != 5) { fprintf(stderr,'Must have EGA color display!\n'); exit(1); }; DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPINIT -- Initialize the Enhanced Graphic Adapter SYNOPSIS: P: PROCEDURE GPINIT; C: GPINIT(); DESCRIPTION: This procedure will place the EGA in color or mono graphic mode depending on hardware connected to the EGA. This routine can be repeated to reset graphic state. If you are using the standard color monitor with the EGA, will setup in 640x200 (16 colors) mode, else 640x350. CAUTIONS: The procedure 'GPPARMS' must be used to determine if an EGA is available. The EGA must be placed in graphic mode before executing the other graphic routines (not including 'GPPARMS'). EXAMPLE: P: GPPARMS; { Determine the type of Adapter } if GDTYPE <> 4 and GDTYPE <> 5 then begin write('Must have IBM Enhanced Graphic Display!'); halt; end else begin GPInit; { Initialize the EGA } end; C: GPPARMS(); if (GDTYPE != 4) { fprintf(stderr,'Must have EGA monochrome display!\n'); exit(1); } else { GPINIT(); }; SEE ALSO: GPPARMS and GPTERM. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPTERM -- Terminate graphic mode and return to text SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPTERM; C: void GPTERM; DESCRIPTION: This procedure will return the EGA back to text mode. Mode 3 for color EGA and mode 7 for monochrome monitors. CAUTIONS: Should not be performed on a non EGA computer. EXAMPLES: P: GPTERM; C: GPTERM(); SEE ALSO: GPPARMS and GPINIT. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPCOLOR -- Set the current color SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPCOLOR(Value: Integer); C: void GPCOLOR(Value) int Value; DESCRIPTION: Set the color to be used by the other ploting routines (GPPLOT, GPLINE, GPRECT, etc...). The primitive GPRDCLR can can be used to read the current color. The global GDMAXPAL will contain the highest color value allowed. Setting the color will set the style/shading flag to zero, this will cause all drawing and filling primitives to use the current color and not the current style/shading. Use the Turbo Pascal function TEXTCOLOR for text coloring. EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(50,50); { Draw a green rectangle } GPRECT(100,100); C: color = GPRDCLR; /* Save the current color */ GPCOLOR(Red); /* Define a new color */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); /* Draw a red line */ GPLINE(X2,Y2); GPCOLOR(color); /* Restore color */ SEE ALSO: GPRDCLR, GPSTYLE, GPSHADE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPMERGE -- Set the placement of graphic data SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPMERGE(Value: Integer); C: void GPMERGE(Value) int Value; Merge modes, 0 - Store (default) 1 - AND 2 - OR 3 - XOR DESCRIPTION: Specify the method which data is placed in the graphic memory. The various merge modes are performed with hardware on the EGA. Almost all graphic routines will be effected by setting the merge value, but not all. CAUTIONS: Setting non-zero merge mode can slow down some graphic primitives. (e.g., GPFLOOD). EXAMPLE: P: GPMERGE(3); { Set merge mode to XOR } GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(50,50); { XOR green box } GPBOX(100,100); GPMERGE(0); { Return merge mode to default } SEE ALSO: GPFILL and GPFLOOD. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPSTYLE -- Set the current line style SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPSTYLE(var Style); C: void GPSTYLE(Style) unsigned char Style[]; DESCRIPTION: Set the line style for the line drawing primitives. The parameter is an array of color bytes with the first byte con- taining the length. The style/shading flag will be set to non-zero to flag the line routines to use the current line style and not the current color setting. EXAMPLE: C: unsigned char Style[] = /* Set line style to GGBB */ {4,Green,Green,Blue,Blue}; GPSTYLE(Style); /* Define the line style */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); GPLINE(X2,Y2); /* Draw line using style */ GPCOLOR(color); /* Set color */ GPLINE(X3,Y3); /* Draw green line */ GPS_FLG := -1; /* Goback to style setting */ GPLINE(X4,Y4); /* Draw line using style */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPSHADE -- Set the current fill/flood shading SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPSHADE(var Style); C: void GPSHADE(Style) unsigned char Style[]; DESCRIPTION: Set the shading matrix for fill/flooding primitives. The parameter is an array of color bytes with the first byte con- taining the width and the second containing the height. The style/shading flag (GDS_FLG) will be set to a non-zero value. CAUTIONS: Although any dimension from 1 to 255 can be used, the current version of GPFILL and GPFLOOD only works correctly with shade of dimensions of 1,2,4 or 8 (x and y can be different). This restriction will be removed in the future. EXAMPLE: C: unsigned char Shade[] = /* Set fill shade to GBGB */ {2,2,Green,Blue,Blue,Green}; /* 2 by 2 array */ GPSHADE(Shade); /* Define the shading */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); GPFLOOD(color); /* Flood area with border defined by color */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPSTYLE, GPFILL and GPFLOOD. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPRDCLR -- Read the current color SYNOPSIS: P: function GPRDCLR: Integer; C: int GPRDCLR(); DESCRIPTION: Return the current color setting. Use to save the current color setting. RETURN: The current color setting. EXAMPLE: C: color = GPRDCLR; /* Save the current color */ GPCOLOR(Red); /* Define a red line */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); GPLINE(X2,Y2); /* Draw a red line */ GPCOLOR(color); /* Restore color */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPPAL -- Set a palette register SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPPAL(Palette, Color: Integer); C: void GPPAL(Palette, Color) int Palette, Color; DESCRIPTION: Set a palette to a given color value. The maximum range of the palette variable is contained in GDMAXPAL. The max range of the color variable in contained in GDMAXCLR. These two global variables are set by the routine 'GPPARMS'. If -1 is the palette value then the border is set to the given color. CAUTIONS: Setting the border color is not recommended for the EGA. EXAMPLE: P: GPPAL(5,20); { Set palette 5 to color 20 } SEE ALSO: GPCPAL and GPRDPAL. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPCPAL -- Set a palette register using R,G,B SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPCPAL(Palette, R, G, B: Integer); C: void GPCPAL(Palette, R, G, B) int Palette, R, G, B; DESCRIPTION: Set a palette to a given color using the RGB values. The max value of each primary color can be determine by the (cube root of (GDMAXCLR+1) - 1). If -1 is the palette value then the border is set to the given color. CAUTIONS: Setting the border color is not recommended for the EGA. EXAMPLE: P: GPCPAL(5,2,1,0); { Set palette 5 to RGB(2,1,0)} SEE ALSO: GPPAL and GPRDPAL. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPLDPAL -- Set all the palette registers SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPLDPAL(var Palettes : Bytes); P: void GPLDPAL(Palettes) unsigned char Palettes[]; DESCRIPTION: Load all the palette registers from a given array. The number of palettes can be determine by GDMAXPAL + 2. The border color is located in GDMAXPAL + 2. CAUTIONS: Setting the border color is not recommended for the EGA. EXAMPLE: P: pals: array [0..16] of byte; { pals[0] > pals[15] colors } { pals[16] border color } for i := 0 to 15 do { Reset to default colors } begin if i < 8 then pals[i] := i else pals[i] := 48 + i; pals[16] := 0; { Keep border Black } GPLDPAL(pals); { Set palettes and border } DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPRDPAL -- Set a palette register SYNOPSIS: P: function GPRDPAL(Palette: Integer): Integer; C: int GPRDPAL(Palette) int Palette; DESCRIPTION: Read the setting of the specified palette register. If an EGA save area has not be defined then this function will return -1 instead of a palette color. Use the program 'KCSETPAL' to define a save area. RETURN: Palette color or -1 if can be found. (run KCSETPAL). EXAMPLE: C: current_color = GPRDPAL(5) /* Read palette 5 */ if (current_color == -1) /* Recover on null */ current_color = 5; SEE ALSO: GPPAL. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPPLOT -- Plot a pixel at the given corrdinate SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPPLOT(x,y: Integer); C: void GPPLOT(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Plot a point at the given coordinates using the current color and merge values. The upper left corner is (0,0) on the graphic screen. The specifed (X,Y) coordinate becomes the new current position (CP). Automatic clipping is preformed. RETURN: GDC_FLG = 0 if point is in the current viewport. 2 if point out of current viewport (not plotted) EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPPLOT(5,5); { Plot a Green pixels at (5,5) } GPLINE(9,9); { Draw line from (5,5) to (9,9) } SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPMERGE and GPMOVE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPRDDOT -- Read the pixel at the given corrdinate SYNOPSIS: P: function GPRDDOT(x,y: Integer): Integer; C: int GPRDDOT(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Read the pixel at the given coordinates. CAUTIONS: The global variable GDMEMORY is used to determine the number of planes to read (two for 64k, and four 128k+) EXAMPLE: P: color: Integer; color := GPRDDOT(5,4) { Read color at (5,4) } SEE ALSO: GPPARMS. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPMOVE -- Move graphic cursor to new position SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPMOVE(x,y: Integer); C: void GPMOVE(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Set the graphic cursor to the specified position to be the new current position (CP). EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(5,5); { Set CP to (5,5) } GPLINE(9,9); { Draw line from (5,5) to (9,9) } SEE ALSO: GPPLOT and GPLINE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPLINE -- Draw a line from CP to (X,Y) SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPLINE(x,y: Integer); C: void GPLINE(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Draw a line from the current position (CP) to the given coordinate using the current merge, color or line style values. Automatic line clipping is performed in the current viewport. RETURN: GDC_FLG = 0 if line is in the current viewport. 1 if line was clipped, but still plotted (part of) 2 if line out of current viewport (not plotted) EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(5,5); { Set CP to (5,5) } GPLINE(9,9); { Draw line from (5,5) to (9,9) } SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPMERGE, GPSTYLE and GPMOVE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPPOLY -- Connect an array of points SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPPOLY(var points; N: Integer); C: void GPLINE(points,n) int points[] int n; DESCRIPTION: Starting from the CP, connect each point with a line. EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(5,5); { Set CP to (5,5) } GPPOLY(car,50); { Draw a car } SEE ALSO: GPLINE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPRECT -- Draw a rectangle SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPRECT(x,y: Integer); C: void GPRECT(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Draws a rectangle with CP and given x,y coordinates. The X,Y coordinates becomes the new CP. EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(5,5); { Set CP to (5,5) } GPRECT(10,10); { Draw a rectangle } SEE ALSO: CPCOLOR, GPMOVE and GPLINE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPCIR -- Draw a circle around the CP SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPCIR(radius: Integer); C: void GPCIR(radius) int radius; DESCRIPTION: Starting from the CP, draw a circle with the given radius around it clipping in the current viewport. RETURN: GDC_FLG = 0 if circle is in the current viewport. 1 if circle was clipped, but still plotted (part of) 2 if circle out of current viewport (not plotted) CAUTIONS: The current line style can not be used only the color value. EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Green); { Set color to Green } GPMOVE(100,100); { Set CP to (5,5) } GPCIR(50); { Draw a circle } SEE ALSO: GPMOVE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPWTROW -- Write a row of pixels SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPWTROW(var Pixels: Byte; N: Integer); C: void GPWTROW(Pixels,N) unsigned char Pixels[]; int N; DESCRIPTION: Write a row of pixels from the current position (CP), N pixels wide using the specifed byte array of colors. CAUTIONS: If the row of pixels leave the edge of the screen, the rest will appear on the other side. (Can be a plus). EXAMPLE: P: Pixels: array [0.63] of byte; GPMOVE(5,5); GPWTROW(Pixels,64); SEE ALSO: GPMOVE, and GPWTCOL. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPWTCOL -- Write a column of pixels SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPWTCOL(var Pixels: Byte; N: Integer); C: void GPWTCOL(Pixels,N) unsigned char Pixels[]; int N; DESCRIPTION: Write a column of pixels from the current position (CP), N pixels high using the specifed byte array of colors. CAUTIONS: If the column of pixels leave the edge of the screen, the rest will appear on the other side. (Can be a plus). EXAMPLE: P: Pixels: array [0.63] of byte; GPMOVE(5,5); GPWTROW(Pixels,64); SEE ALSO: GPMOVE, and GPWTROW. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPBOX -- Fills in specified box with current color SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPBOX(x,y: Integer); C: void GPBOX(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Fills the specified area (box shaped) using the current color and merge value. Normally used to clear the screen or reverse an area using merge XOR setting. The CP and the specified X,Y coordinates are used as the corners of the box. RETURN: GDC_FLG = 0 if box is in the current viewport. 1 if box was clipped, but still plotted (part of) 2 if box out of current viewport (not plotted) EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Black); GPMOVE(0,0); GPBOX(GDMAXCOL,GDMAXROW); { Clear Screen } C: GPCOLOR(GDMAXCLR) /* Load 0x0F to reverse bits */ GPMERGE(3); /* Set merge mode to XOR */ GPMOVE(50,50); GPBOX(100,100); /* Reverse bits in this box */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPMERGE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPBALL -- Fills in specified circle with color/shade SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPBALL(Radius: Integer); C: void GPBALL(Radius) int Radius; DESCRIPTION: Fills the specified area (ball shaped) using the current color and merge value. RETURN: GDC_FLG = 0 if ball is in the current viewport. 1 if ball was clipped, but still plotted (part of) 2 if ball out of current viewport (not plotted) EXAMPLE: P: GPCOLOR(Blue); GPMOVE(100,100) GPBALL(50); SEE ALSO: GPCIR, GPCOLOR and GPSHADE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPSCROLL -- Scroll the current viewport SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPSCROLL(Dir, N: Integer); C: void GPSCROLL(Dir, N) int Dir, N; DESCRIPTION: Scroll the viewport in the specified direction by N lines. The viewport to be scrolled must be a byte boundary. (x coordinate only). The direction code is defined as: 0 4 12 1 5 13 3 7 15 EXAMPLE: P: GPVIEWPORT(48,50,95,100); GPSCROLL(4,1); { Scroll the viewport up by one line } SEE ALSO: GPVIEWPORT. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPVIEWPORT -- Specified an area to plot graphic commands SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPVIEWPORT(x1,y1,x2,y2: Integer); C: void GPVIEWPORT(x1,y1,x2,y2) int x1,y1; /* lower left corner of viewport */ int x2,y2; /* upper right corner of viewport */ DESCRIPTION: Specify an area on the screen to perform graphic function. The viewport parameters are in Graphic Device Units (GDU). The IBM's Enhance Graphic Adapter is 640x350 GDUs. The 'GPINIT' function will perform viewport(0,0,639,349). This function is simular to the Turbo's GraphWindow or BASIC's Viewport. The basic graphic primitives are clipped using the current viewport. EXAMPLE: GPVIEWPORT(50,50,600,300); { Define viewport } | .-----------------------. | |(0,0) | | | .---------------. | | | |(50,50) | | | | | <------------+ | | | | | | (600,300)| | | `---------------' |<--- Default Viewport | (639,349)| `-----------------------' SEE ALSO: GPPLOT, GPLINE, GPCIR and GPWINDOW. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPWINDOW -- specified a set coordinates SYNOPSIS: procedure GPWindow(x1,y1,x2,y2: Integer); int x1,y1; lower left corner of window int x2,y2; upper right corner of window DESCRIPTION: Specify a new set of coordinates for the current viewport. The coordinates are signed integers (-32768 <--> +32767). It is simular to the BASIC's Window function. The graphic primitives GPSCALE, GPCLIP1 and GPCLIP2 can be used for scaling and clipping using the current window. See the file WORLD.P for function that support the world coordinate system. RETURNS: None. CAUTIONS: If the viewport and window coordinates are different then an extra scaling process is perform on graphic functions. No checks are performed on input parameters. EXAMPLE: GPViewport(50,50,600,300); { Define viewport } GPWindow(-100,-100,100,100); { Define a new set of corrdinates } | .-----------------------. | |(0,0) | | | .---------------. | | | |(-100,-100) | | | | | <------------+ | | | | | | (100,100)| | | `---------------' |<--- Default Viewport | (639,349)| `-----------------------' SEE ALSO: GPVIEWPORT, and GPSCALE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPCLIP1 -- Clip a point within the current viewport SYNOPSIS: P: function GPCLIP1(var x,y: Integer): Integer; C: int GPCLIP1(x,y) int x,y; DESCRIPTION: Perform point clipping on the specifed point and return a zero (0) if the point is in the current viewport, else non- zero response. RETURN: Zero, if inside viewport, else non-zero if outside. EXAMPLE: C: GPVIEWPORT(50,50,100,100); /* Set current viewport */ void PtAbs(x,y) /* Define WORLD routine */ int x,y; { if (GPCLIP1(x,y) == 0) /* Do boundary check */ { GPSCALE(x,y); /* If inside viewport GPPLOT(x,y); scale and plot */ } } SEE ALSO: GPVIEWPORT, GPCLIP2, and GPSCALE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPCLIP2 -- Clip a line within the current viewport SYNOPSIS: P: function GPCLIP2(var x1,y1,x2,y2: Integer): Integer; C: int GPCLIP2(x1,y1,x2,y2) int *x1,*y1,*x2,*y2; DESCRIPTION: Perform point clipping on the specifed line and return a zero (0) if the line is completly in the current viewport or an one (1) if line clipping was performed or two (2) if totally outside of the viewport. RETURN: Returns zero (0) is the line is completly in the viewport (no clipping performed). One (1) if the line was clip and the x1,y1,x2,y2 value now contain the clipped line. Two (2) if the line is outside of the viewport. EXAMPLE: C: GPVIEWPORT(50,50,100,100); /* Set current viewport */ if (GPCLIP2(x1,y1,x2,y2) != 2) /* Do boundary check */ { GPSCALE(x1,y1); /* If inside viewport GPMOVE(x1,y1); scale and draw */ GPSCALE(x2,y2); GPLINE(x2,y2); } } SEE ALSO: GPVIEWPORT, GPCLIP1, and GPSCALE. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPSCALE -- Scale a world coordinate to viewport SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPSCALE(var x,y: Integer); C: void GPSCALE(x,y) int *x,*y; DESCRIPTION: Scale the specifed point from world coordinates to the Device coordinates in the current viewport. RETURN: Changes the X,Y coordinate to real (hardware) coordinates. EXAMPLE: C: GPWINDOW(0,0,1000,1000); /* Set world coordinates */ GPVIEWPORT(50,50,100,100); /* Set current viewport */ if (GPCLIP2(x1,y1,x2,y2) != 2) /* Do boundary check */ { GPSCALE(x1,y1); /* If inside viewport GPMOVE(x1,y1); scale and draw */ GPSCALE(x2,y2); GPLINE(x2,y2); } } SEE ALSO: GPWINDOW, GPVIEWPORT, GPCLIP1, and GPGLIP2. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPFILL -- Fill the specified area with color/shading SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPFILL(Border_Color: Integer); C: void GPFILL(Border_Color) unsigned integer Border_Color; DESCRIPTION: Fill in an area starting at the CP to the border given. The current color or current shading will be used depending on the setting of the GDS_FLG variable. The routine is for simple areas only, which makes it much faster than GPFLOOD. If the area is too complex for GPFILL, parts of the area will not be filled in (but it will work). GPFILL will not fill pass the current viewport setting. CAUTIONS: Although any dimension from 1 to 255 can be used, the current version of GPFILL and GPFLOOD only works correctly with shade of dimensions of 1,2,4 or 8 (x and y can be different). This restriction will be removed in the future. EXAMPLE: C: unsigned char Shade[] = /* Set fill shade to GBGB */ {2,2,Green,Blue,Blue,Green}; /* 2 by 2 array */ GPSHADE(Shade); /* Define the shading */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); GPFILL(color); /* Flood area with border defined by color */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPSHADE, GPFLOOD and GPVIEWPORT. DATE: 02/03/86 SYSTEM: KC-TPEGA NAME: GPFLOOD -- Flood the specified area with color/shading SYNOPSIS: P: procedure GPFLOOD(Border_Color: Integer); C: void GPFLOOD(Border_Color) unsigned integer Border_Color; DESCRIPTION: Flood in an area starting at the CP to the border given. The current color or current shading will be used depending on the setting of the GDS_FLG variable. The routine is for all complex areas, which makes it much slower than GPFILL. If the area is simple, try GPFILL, if it does not fill it all then go back to GPFLOOD. GPFLOOD will not flood pass the current viewport setting. CAUTIONS: Although any dimension from 1 to 255 can be used, the current version of GPFLOOD only works correctly with shade of dimensions of 1,2,4 or 8 (x and y can be different). This restriction will be removed in the future. EXAMPLE: C: unsigned char Shade[] = /* Set fill shade to GBGB */ {2,2,Green,Blue,Blue,Green}; /* 2 by 2 array */ GPSHADE(Shade); /* Define the shading */ GPMOVE(X1,Y1); GPFLOOD(color); /* Flood area with border defined by color */ SEE ALSO: GPCOLOR, GPSHADE, GPFILL, and GPVIEWPORT.